Vaishno Devi, one of the most revered Hindu pilgrimage sites in India, is nestled in the Trikuta Mountains of Jammu and Kashmir. Every year, millions of devotees undertake the arduous journey to seek blessings from Mata Vaishno Devi, believed to be an incarnation of Goddess Durga. The temple is not only a symbol of faith but also an architectural and spiritual marvel, attracting people from different walks of life. It is one of the most popular Hindu pilgrimage sites in north India, with millions of devotees visiting the temple annually. In 2018, the Vaishno Devi shrine reported that it had received 8.5 million pilgrims that year. Vaishno Devi Temple, also known as the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Temple and Vaishno Devi Bhavan.
The Vaishno Devi temple was in existence by 1846, when Maharaja Gulab Singh established the Dharmarth Trust to manage several temples in his territory; the Vaishno Devi temple was part of this trust. The trust remained in the hands of Gulab Singh's descendants after independence, and his descendant Karan Singh was responsible for administering the temple as the hereditary trustee until 1986, when Jagmohan, then governor of Jammu and Kashmir, passed legislation transferring control of the Vaishno Devi temple from the Dharmarth Trust and the hereditary priests to a separate Shrine Board.
The Legend of Vaishno Devi:
The temple, at a height of 1,585 metres (5,200 ft) is 12 km from Katra on Trikuta hill. It is about 61 km from Jammu city. A geological study of the Holy Cave has indicated its age to be nearly a million years. There is also a mention of the Trikuta hill in Rigveda, the place where the temple is located.
The Mahabharata, which gives the account of the Pandavas and the Kurukshetra War, does mention the worship of goddess Vaishno Devi. Before the Kurukshetra War Arjuna is said to have worshipped Durga by the advice of Lord Krishna for the blessings. Pleased by his devotion, Mother Goddess appeared in front of him in the form of Vaishno Devi. When goddess appeared, Arjuna started praising her with a stotra, in which a Shloka goes by saying ‘ Jambookatak Chityaishu Nityam Sannihitalaye ’, which means ‘you who always dwell in the temple on the slope of the mountain in Jambhu’ — probably referring to the present day Jammu. Former Governor of Jammu and Kashmir Jagmohan says, "the Mata Vaishno Devi shrine is an ancient one whose antiquity is pre-Mahabharathan, Lord Krishna is believed to have advised Arjuna to go up in the hills of 'Jambhu' and seek the blessings of Vaishno Devi before taking up arms in the battlefield. 'Jambhu' is identified with present-day Jammu. Arjuna while worshipping Vaishno Devi, calls her highest yogi who is free from decrepitude and decay, who is the Mother of the Vedas and the Science of Vedanta and who is giver of Victory and personification of victory itself". It is also generally believed that the Pandavas were the first to build the temples at Kol Kandoli and Bhawan in reverence and gratitude for the Mother Goddess. On a mountain, just adjacent to the Trikuta Mountain and overlooking the Holy Cave are five stone structures, which are believed to be the rock symbols of the five Pandavas.
The appearance of Vaishno Devi to Shridhar and the story of Bhairon Nath. Bhairon Nath Temple, where the head of Bhairon Nath fell on hill. It is said that Bhairon Nath, a famous Hindu Tantric, saw the young Vaishno Devi at an agricultural fair and fell madly in lusty love with her. Vaishno Devi fled into Trikuta hills to escape his amorous advances, later she turned into her original form of Durga and cut off his head with her sword in a cave.
Deities:
The three icons — Mahakali, Mahalakshmi and Mahasaraswati, all images of Vaishno Devi are worshipped at the temple. The feet of the icons are washed by the water brought from the perennial flowing river Banganga
Festivals:
The most prominent festivals held at Vaishno Devi Temple are Navaratri, a nine nights festival celebrating Devi's victory over evil demons and Diwali, a festival of lights symbolizing the victory of light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance.
The Navaratri festival is a festival celebrated during the month of Ashvin, which typically falls in the Gregorian months of September and October. The festival lasts for nine nights (ten days); artists from all over the country perform during the function at Vaishno Devi darbar. Due to COVID-19 pandemic Shrine Board also started delivering Prasāda for the devotees who are unable to come to the temple by collaborating with Postal Department of India.
Devotees of all faiths and all schools of thought of Hinduism visit the Vaishno Devi Temple.
The Journey to Vaishno Devi:
The pilgrimage to Vaishno Devi begins at Katra, a small town in Jammu and Kashmir. From there, devotees undertake a challenging 13-kilometer trek to reach the shrine. Several facilities, including ponies, palanquins, and battery-operated vehicles, are available for those who cannot walk.
Key Stops Along the Route:
Banganga: It is said that Goddess Vaishno Devi created this river with her arrow to quench her thirst.
Charan Paduka: The place where the Goddess left her footprints.
Ardhkuwari: A halfway mark where the Goddess is believed to have meditated for nine months.
Sanjichhat: A resting point offering breathtaking views of the valley.
Bhairon Temple: The final stop, where devotees pay respects to Bhairon Nath to complete their pilgrimage.
Spiritual Significance:
The sanctum sanctorum houses three naturally formed rock structures, known as Pindis, symbolizing Goddess Mahakali, Mahalakshmi, and Mahasaraswati. Unlike other temples with idols, Vaishno Devi’s shrine is unique as the Goddess manifests herself in these sacred Pindis. Devotees believe that a pilgrimage to this shrine fulfills their wishes and brings prosperity.
Best Time to Visit:
Vaishno Devi is open throughout the year, but the best time to visit is during the Navratri festival when the temple is beautifully decorated, and special rituals are conducted. The months of March to October offer pleasant weather, making the trek easier for devotees.
Accommodation and Facilities:
Katra, being the base camp, has numerous hotels and guesthouses catering to all budgets. The Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board provides free accommodations and well-maintained rest houses. Additionally, food stalls along the route ensure that pilgrims are well-nourished during their journey.
How to Reach Vaishno Devi:
By Air: Jammu Airport, about 50 km from Katra, is the nearest airport.
By Train: The Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Katra Railway Station connects Katra with major Indian cities.
By Road: Katra is well-connected by road with regular bus and taxi services from Jammu and other nearby regions.
Final Words:
Vaishno Devi is more than just a pilgrimage; it is an experience of faith, devotion, and spiritual awakening. Whether one visits for religious purposes or to witness the breathtaking natural beauty, the journey to this sacred shrine is an unforgettable one. If you seek blessings, inner peace, and divine grace, Vaishno Devi is the perfect destination to embark on a soul-enriching journey.
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